Wednesday, August 26, 2020

Anorexia A Physical and Mental Disorder Essay Example For Students

Anorexia: A Physical and Mental Disorder Essay INTRODUCTIONAnorexia Nervosa is a state of mind which influences ones both physical and psychological well-being. It is a condition that makes one have a twisted mental self portrait and powers themselves to starve regardless of whether their body weight is as of now hazardously low. They regularly limit their food admission to where they are very thin.Anorexia is found to happen frequently in ladies, particularly the individuals who are matured 15 to 35. There have been cases detailed as right on time as the age of 7 and as late as the age of 80. Analysts accept that around 5 to 10 percent of ladies by and large have a contorted self-perception however roughly 1 to 2 percent of those ladies experience the ill effects of anorexia nervosa. Frequently now and again anorexia can start during the early teenager years. More than 90 percent of the survivors of anorexia are seen as ladies however yet numerous cases go unnoticed or unreported. The meaning of one who is anorexic is that they are around 15 percent underweight for their age and stature, yet still won't put on the weight required to be at the insignificant norm. They have an extreme dread of putting on weight and regularly starve themselves to where there are not getting the correct supplements and admission required for a sound eating routine. Regularly anorexics limit themselves to less than 1000 calories for every day and may even go as low as 100 calories per day. CAUSESAnorexia Nervosa has frequently been related with both being a physical and mental disease.The number one reason for anorexia has regularly been accepted to be a low confidence and a mutilated self-perception. Truth be told, numerous anorexics think they are fat when in all actuality they are only the typical load for their age and stature. Regularly one creates anorexia so as to acquire an ideal self-perception in their observation. The objective to acquire the ideal body brings about a fixation on eating less junk food, weight and exercise. The individuals who experience the ill effects of anorexia are regularly discouraged, pulled back, or may want to be in charge. They may feel that destitute themselves gives them absolute control of their body. Likewise, anorexics can be fussbudgets, which may make the need have the perfect body. Another reason for anorexia has been supposed to be the picture created by the media and society, which depicts the perfect individual to be fit and thin.Many anorexics have been said to accept that they best way to be viewed as alluring and effective was to be flimsy. Weight from families and peeps has likewise been expressed as a caused for anorexia.Comments about their appearance and weight have driven anorexics to starve themselves. Too, past maltreatment has likewise determined individuals to become anorexic.SYMPTOMSThe manifestations of anorexia can be separated into two fundamental viewpoints: physical and conduct. The physical side effects of anorexia remember a stop for the menstrual cycle, exhaustion, shortcoming, balding and an adjustment in the examples of the heart. Regularly the loss of the menstrual cycle is one of the most widely recognized reactions of anorexia. One who is anorexic can be inclined to blacking out, discombobulation and strange heart conduct. Likewise, anorexia can cause dry, weak hair and bones and disappointment in the capacity of the kidney. A casualty of anorexia may likewise be inclined low circulatory strain and unusual heart rhythms. In the mean time, the conduct impacts of anorexia can incorporate discouragement, absence of rest, fractiousness and they may get pulled back from loved ones. Another indication of anorexia is a fixation on exercise.Anorexics have been known to practice for a considerable length of time at once for practically the entirety of the times of the week. .u6813ca580466e02a6c0a8eeca7816293 , .u6813ca580466e02a6c0a8eeca7816293 .postImageUrl , .u6813ca580466e02a6c0a8eeca7816293 .focused content territory { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u6813ca580466e02a6c0a8eeca7816293 , .u6813ca580466e02a6c0a8eeca7816293:hover , .u6813ca580466e02a6c0a8eeca7816293:visited , .u6813ca580466e02a6c0a8eeca7816293:active { border:0!important; } .u6813ca580466e02a6c0a8eeca7816293 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u6813ca580466e02a6c0a8eeca7816293 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-progress: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u6813ca580466e02a6c0a8eeca7816293:active , .u6813ca580466e02a6c0a8eeca7816293:hover { obscurity: 1; change: haziness 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u6813ca580466e02a6c0a8eeca7816293 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relati ve; } .u6813ca580466e02a6c0a8eeca7816293 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-enhancement: underline; } .u6813ca580466e02a6c0a8eeca7816293 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u6813ca580466e02a6c0a8eeca7816293 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe range: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-beautification: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6813ca580466e02a6c0a8eeca7816293:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u6813ca580466e02a6c0a8ee ca7816293 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u6813ca580466e02a6c0a8eeca7816293-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u6813ca580466e02a6c0a8eeca7816293:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Patrick Gibeau, 50917160, lab area A2 Essay They may likewise get fixated on the food they eat, the measure of food that they take in, and may even deny that they have an issue. Regularly they cut their food into minuscule pieces or eat food gradually and may even discard food subtly. Truth be told, around 30 percent of anorexics start to have Bulimia Nervosa, which is the way toward eating food yet then utilizing intestinal medicines to instigate retching. TREATMENTSThere are numerous approaches to treat a survivor of anorexia. One technique is by mental advising. An issue with rewarding anorexia is getting the casualty to initially concede that they have an issue, and to not deny their ailment any more. Through advising, the foundation of the casualties issue is found. They are assisted with finding and perceive their twisted perspective on their body. Likewise any type of misuse they may have experienced is raised and regularly relatives are in guiding meetings to help the victim.It has been discovered that bunch directing meetings have been seen as valuable in light of the fact that a typical view of the issue is found. For the physical part of anorexia, weight gain is the initial step to recovery.Some patients may even must be hospitalized in light of the fact that their weight reduction has been so serious. Doctors may endorse progressive increments in food admission and dietary enhancements, and advise a patient not to work out. In the most extreme cases, particularly if a patient opposes guidelines to eat, supplements and liquids might be managed intravenously.During hospitalization, patients get both physical and mental consideration. They may need to remain there for a couple of days or even a long time at once to help treat anorexia. Be that as it may, the psychological impacts of this illness may take more time to treat. With both physical and mental consideration, anorexia can frequently be dealt with and its belongings can be turned around. Scientists gauge that of those determined to have anorexia nervosa, 42 percent recoup, 30 percent improve fairly, and in excess of 20 percent experience the ill effects of an interminable dietary problem. New ways are being found to forestall anorexia. Through mental self portrait mindfulness, the temperances of confidence and acknowledgment are being advanced. Maybe with less accentuation in the public eye over appearance, anorexia may at long last be forestalled. Words/Pages : 1,043/24

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Psychological and Physical Aspects of Drug Abuse in Adolescent Communit

Tragically the maltreatment of illicit medications isn't remarkable in today’s juvenile networks. Numerous adolescents today utilize unlawful medications as an approach to manage regular weights, for example, school, after school occupations, sports exercises, abusive behavior at home and friend pressure. Immaturity has been seen as a time of debilitating bonds with guardians and reinforcing bonds with peers (Flay, 1994). Various states have encountered an expansion in medicate related passings (http://www.usdoj.gov/dea/details). More than 1 of every 10 of today’s youth matured 12-17 were present clients of medications in 1999 (www.usdoj.gov/dea/details). The quantity of youthful adults’ matured 18 to 25 utilizing unlawful medications in 1999 was at a high of 17.1 percent (www.usdoj.gov/dea/details). In this paper I will depict the absolute most well known medications in today’s juvenile networks and why the utilization of illicit medications is generally regular between the ages of 12 through 25. I will likewise depict what the indications are in an individual with a medication issue and how you can help. Among secondary school and understudies, the medication pot is most as often as possible utilized in America today. Weed is a tobacco-like substance that shifts in its intensity, contingent upon the source and determination of plant materials utilized (http://www.well.com). Weed is generally smoked as approximately moved cigarettes called â€Å"joints, dug out business stogies called â€Å"blunts† and in water pipes called â€Å"bongs†. Road names for Marijuana incorporate pot, grass, cannabis, weed, Mary Jane, Acapulco Gold, dope, and reefer. At the point when Marijuana is smoked, THC goes rapidly into the blood through the lungs. It at that point goes to the mind and this is the point at which the â€Å"high† is felt. This can occur inside a couple of moments and can last as long as five hours. Ther... ...ids and youthful grown-ups keep on disregarding the risks that medication misuse may cause. Medication use and its avoidance are subject to the understanding differentiations with in every one of the accompanying gatherings - their standards, message styles, and language (Miller/Alberts/Hecht/Trost/Krizek, 2000, page 107). On the off chance that you believe that somebody you know is dependent on drugs kindly don't overlook it. There are numerous sites, directing focuses, and medication recovery programs that can help. We ought not keep on overlooking the issue, rather we should attempt to discover an answer. Book reference: REFERENCES 1.) Miller/Alberts/Hecht/Trost/Krizek (2000). Pre-adult Relationships and Drug Use: Mahwah, NJ: LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOCIATES, PUBLISHERS. 2.) Sora, J. (1997) Substance Abuse. The H.W. Wilson Company New York 3.) Torr, J. (1999) Drug Abuse â€Å"Opposing Viewpoints†. Greenhaven Press,.Inc .

Tuesday, August 11, 2020

Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders

Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders OCD Types Print Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders By Owen Kelly, PhD Updated on July 23, 2019 Carla G/Getty Images More in OCD Types Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Living With OCD Related Conditions There are a number of disorders that dont technically meet the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) diagnostic criteria for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), yet they have very similar symptoms  The DSM-5 has a whole chapter dedicated to these similar disorders entitled Obsessive-Compulsive Related Disorders, also known as obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders. The obsessive-compulsive spectrum includes different clusters of symptoms that are similar to, but not exactly the same as, OCD symptoms. Often (but not always) the only difference between OCD and a given obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorder is the specific focus of the obsessions and/or compulsions. Here are the disorders the DSM-5 includes in the chapter regarding obsessive-compulsive related disorders. Body Dysmorphic Disorder Body dysmorphic disorder is a form of mental illness in which the person is obsessed and/or preoccupied with an imagined defect or what they perceive as something abnormal in their appearance. It has to sufficiently impair the persons quality of life or cause extreme distress in order to be diagnosed. It is similar to OCD because both illnesses involve repetitive checking. Skin Picking (Excoriation Disorder) Pathologic skin picking, also called excoriation disorder, is one of several disorders classified as body-focused  repetitive behaviors (BFRBs). Its  a mental illness in which the person compulsively picks or digs into the skin with fingers, pins, tweezers, or other items to remove small irregularities such as moles or freckles. Although classified as an impulse control disorder, skin picking is similar to OCD in that sufferers of both illnesses engage in repetitive behaviors, usually because they feel uncomfortable.   Trichotillomania Trichotillomania (TTM) is another BRFB in which the affected person repeatedly pulls out hair from any part of the body for non-cosmetic reasons, resulting in noticeable hair loss. Like skin picking and other BRFBs, TTM is similar to OCD in its repetitive behaviors. Hoarding Disorder Pathological or compulsive hoarding is a specific type of behavior characterized by acquiring and failing to throw out a large number of items that would appear to have little or no value to others, severe cluttering of the person’s home so that it is no longer able to function as a viable living space and significant distress or impairment of work or social life. While hoarding is no longer considered a subtype of OCD, it has similar characteristics, such as spending a large amount of time collecting, arranging, and putting items in order. The chief difference between hoarding and OCD is that hoarders often dont have insight into how serious their disorder really is. A Correct Diagnosis Is Essential for Effective Treatment Just like any illness, its extremely important that you are being treated for the right disorder. Treatments may vary depending on which disorder you are diagnosed with, which means being diagnosed incorrectly can waste valuable time, money, energy and even prolong your suffering. If you think you may have a different disorder than the one you have been diagnosed with, be sure to talk to your physician.

Tuesday, May 12, 2020

Death and Freedom in Sorrows of a Young Werther and Crime...

Death and Freedom in Sorrows of a Young Werther and Crime and Punishment The relationship between death and freedom is a common thread throughout Sorrows of a Young Werther by Goethe and Crime and Punishment by Dostoevsky. The relationship illustrated in both works is that one cannot achieve true freedom until they are dead. Until death, Werther and Raskolnikov will always feel the restrictions that society places upon them. Werther feels restricted due to the unrequited love of Lotte and Raskolnikov feels restricted by the moral code that society establishes. In Sorrows of a Young Werther by Goethe and Crime and Punishment by Dostoevsky both characters’ exhibit their freedom through death. In Sorrows of a Young Werther, Werther†¦show more content†¦Both Raskolnikov and Werther view themselves as superior to society. Raskolnikov views himself as the Napoleonic great man and Werther views himself as the romantic egoistic. Raskolnikov believes that laws, restrictions, and a moral code only apply to the ignorant and naà ¯ve common man. Raskolnikov is very confident that the police will never be able to convict him of murder because he can outwit the common policeman. Raskolnikov also thinks that he will feel no guilt in committing the murder because he is so powerful and so important that he has the right to decide who is worthy of life. Due to these beliefs he feels that murdering the pawnbroker will confirm his power. Not only will the murder confirm his power but Raskolnikov thinks that if he murders her and feels no guilt, then he will prove that he is truly free from morals. Werther represents the romantic egoists because he thinks that love can conquer all. The fact that Werther is romantic egoist causes him to become obsessed with Lotte. This obsession causes sever suffering because his love is not a returned. It is not the fact that Werther cannot be with Lotte, but the fact that she does not love him and refuses to see him, that causes Werther to feel like he has no freedom. Werther views himself as a God like person and it is Lotte’s rejection that kills him. Weather’s suicide represents the ultimate expression of freedom because it

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

About Specific Moments Free Essays

Eng 119 10/16/12 My life tragedy I remember that cold November like it was yesterday. It was so cold that I felt the breeze going through my skin. I remember waking up to my mom and sisters crying. We will write a custom essay sample on About Specific Moments or any similar topic only for you Order Now I can tell that my father was trying his hardest not to cry. I’ve always felt safe at home, it’s a place to feel peace and joy with family but this was different. I just wanted everything to be like the normal days where my mom fusses at me for not waking up earlier for school or forgetting to do the laundry. Everybody was so sad but trying there hardest to be strong in front of me. Everybody surrounded me as I was getting ready, it seemed like they were following my every move. I tried my hardest not to cry or just fall apart because I know that it would only make things worse and break everyone into pieces. I had to remain strong and remember that I’ve been through this before and that God is always by my side. Sitting on the dining table was pointless; the food was just there for show. Nobody seemed to have an appetite. It seemed as if they were the one going through this tragedy but I can’t blame them. If anything happened to them, I would feel the same way. I had left my house a billion times before but that morning was by far one of the hardest things I’ve ever done in my life. I kissed my sisters goodbye and told them to be strong for me and regardless of what happens, that they’ll always be in my heart. I have 3 sisters and not seeing there beautiful faces again would destroy me. Getting into the car was like moving to a new house. It was so quiet driving to the hospital with my parents. It was the longest drive of my life although I didn’t want the drive to end. I had to be strong though and remember that I am no longer 4 years old anymore. I was only 17 and I already been through this life trial before. Everything seemed to be playing in slow motion. I started to remember every childhood memory I had. I remembered the first time I went to the zoo with my family and I fell and scraped hurt my knee and had to get stiches. I was terrified and so scared about getting stiches but nothing can possibly be worse than this life trial. I remembered the first day my baby sister was born. I remembered the going on a trip to Niagara Falls and how much fun I had with my family and friends. A million memories and thoughts were running through my mind. My mother sighed once we arrived to the hospital, but this wasn’t a sigh of relief, this was more like pure sadness. Before walking into the hospital, I took one last glance at the world outside. Walking into the Oakwood hospital, I was able to recall every memory I had within every step I took. I was asked to sit down for 5 minutes till they call me up. My mom was telling me a story about my grandma and how she also had an open heart surgery. She told me that she had an open heart surgery 7 times in her life and survived all 7 but she was a very heavy smoker and that’s how she passed away. She had recently passed away from cancer. She said I reminded her of my grandma because she was a very strong woman. The nurse called my name and told me that the doctor was ready for me. I was getting closer and closer to the operating room. At the same time, I was so focused on everything. I could stare at the plant that I was walking by for hours and hours. The more closer I got to the operating room, the more scared and freaked out I was getting. my lips were so dry because the hospital told me I wasn’t supposed to eat anything. I felt choked up. I could hear a baby crying after the mother giving birth. That made me smile. To think God takes life but brings another life to the world. That’s just the way life is. I got to the operating room and changed into the hospital gown. I always hated the hospital gowns. There were closed from the front but open from the back. It just didn’t make sense to me. Sitting on the hospital bed, I was so nervous. The nurse even noticed and gave me some medication to calm down my nerves. I always wanted to be a nurse when I grow up. I started to think if I can ever actually fulfill that dream, but I had faith in God and knew he wouldn’t let me down. The nurse told me she can see me as being a nurse because I love to help people. The medication didn’t seem to work so well especially when you’re almost going to have an open heart surgery. I couldn’t believe this was actually happening to me again. It felt like a dream, I dream that I wanted to just wake up from so badly. I started to imagine myself sitting home watching TV like a normal teenage girl with nothing to worry about but homework and drama. I knew I had no way out of this though. It’s now or never, I thought to myself. My father held my hand and said, â€Å"come on sweetie, you can do this†. I kissed my parents goodbye and couldn’t help but cry. I started to think to myself that this may be the last time that I’ll ever see there beautiful faces. I trusted my surgeon with my life because this isn’t the first time he has done this to me before. He told me that he always loved seeing my face vbecause I was all smiles but this was such a fake smile I had on. My anesthesiologist gave me some medicine and told me to count to ten. â€Å"One, two, three, four, five, then I was gone. The next thing you know I was waking up to my families faces. My mom was sitting by me holding my hand. I thought I was dreaming. Everything was so blurry but I can still see a little. I had survived. I survived an open heart surgery for the second time. After that moment, I knew that I was going to appreciate every minute of my life. There isn’t a day that goes by that I don’t remind myself of the strength I have within me. My seven inch scar reminds me that I am alive and strong. I feel like I’m capable of giving a lot to the world. I appreciate my family and friends even more because I don’t know where I would be without them. How to cite About Specific Moments, Papers

Saturday, May 2, 2020

Competitive Strategy Operating Business Processes

Question: Discuss about the Competitive Strategy for Operating Business Processes. Answer: Introduction: Innovation is supposed to be very important for many of t firm operating their business processes throughout different parts of the world. Innovation in the products and services has become the trend throughout the competitive market areas. Moreover, it is a matter of fact that mission and the vision statement sometimes affect the innovation of the products (Massa and Tucci, 2013). This particularly affects the execution of the business practices of the association within the targeted marketplaces. Moreover, the definition or the actual meaning of innovation should be understood in an effective way. It is defined to be the preferred changes in the products along with the services offered by the concerned firm as to increase the selling of the products and this will help in bringing positive outcomes for the firm (Gobble, 2014). There are some of the companies who think that innovation is the idea to reduce the cost price of the products or the services offered by the firm. Apple is o ne of the leading firms which have significantly adopted the desired concepts of innovation as to amplify the selling of all its respective goods throughout different market segments. The implementation of the concepts of innovation in the business model has helped Apple to enhance its reach globally throughout different parts of the world. In other words, it becomes very important to understand the desired importance and concepts of innovation as it helps in enhancing the development and growth of the firm (Amit and Zott, 2012). Furthermore, Dell is another firm which manufacturers the personal computers and it has innovated its products be reducing the cost prices and modify the features as per the needs of the customers and this has helped in extending the barriers of the firm to a large area of the market segment (Taran, 2012). There exists crucial need to enhance the built-in procedures and reducing the operational costs as to maximize the profit of the concerned organization. There are three of the vital points which need to be identified before innovation gets to be conceived; they are the uniqueness of the idea, thinking of having superior knowledge regarding technologies and thinking that success comes with bigger ideas. Some of the best examples from the market segments are Nokia' do not gets changed and stick to its own strategies and therefore the firm suffered a loss whereas Samsung' changed as per the market requirements and brought up the desired change and increase its rate of profitability throughout the concerned market areas. As for example, innovation-led business processes mainly focuses on initiation, integration, and ideation along with the implementation of the selected idea. IKEA is one of the leading firms in the field of furniture making and this company has enhanced the overall performance of the firm by implementing the concepts of business model innovation. The company is engaged in providing stylish and latest design of furnitures in order to capture a wide area of the market segments. Moreover, the company uses the concepts of innovation as to increase the desired rate of profitability in a wide area of the market segments. There are different categories of people having different incomes and therefore adoption of the innovative ideas will facilitate the growth of the firm selected. Pankaj Ghemawat: CAGE framework CAGE is the desired framework developed by Pankaj Ghemawat basically based on the economic trade opportunities of different international countries concerned. The framework is essentially shaped facilitating four dimensions like C for Cultural, A for administrative, G for Geographic as well as E for economic (Ghemawat, 2013). The basic ideas behind these dimensions are not only up to the trade interactions bus various other interactions revealing the differences which critically exists behind these dimensions throughout the different countries. This process can be enhanced along with the similarities with these dimensions (Ghemawat, 2015). If one is thinking to have merchandise trade then the two companies should have common borders, same per capita income then it can be expected that these two concerned countries can trade 10 to 15 times much with one another. Basically, the framework helped in evaluating that the trade needs to follow some rules in order to enhance the effectivenes s of the trade between these countries (Ghemawat and Altman, 2016). The impact of this framework is large and the utility is rather than simple discussions as per many of the countries are concerned. There are several dimension that helps in understanding that why Canada is still the bilateral trading partner of US presently. Though, it is one of the 10th economies throughout the world and therefore it follows the CAGE framework and therefore, in order to enhance the effectiveness of the trade practices the two of the countries concerned should understand the desired elements of the CAGE framework. As for example, Canada and U.S are the two of the countries that trade with each other and stood cup on the CAGE framework. Therefore, it becomes more important for any of the firms to understand that the countries with which the origin country is going to share the trade should have the common borders or should have common language or they should stand on the cage framework as it helps coin increasing the rate of profitability for the entire trade practices (Ghemawat and Altman, 2016). The cultural differences or the similarities are of great importance and these needs to be evaluated on a large scale as this helps in increasing the trade practices to a large extent. The economic and the geographic conditions generate enormous impact on the execution of the trade and the business practices and therefore, it becomes very important to understand the role of these two dimensions. References Amit, R. and Zott, C., 2012. Creating value through business model innovation.MIT Sloan Management Review,53(3), p.41. Ghemawat, P. and Altman, S.A., 2016. 6 The distance at the Industry and Company Levels.The Laws of Globalization and Business Applications, p.159. Ghemawat, P. and Altman, S.A., 2016. 7 Distance and International Business Research.The Laws of Globalization and Business Applications, p.200. Ghemawat, P., 2013.Redefining global strategy: Crossing borders in a world where differences still matter. Harvard Business Press. Ghemawat, P., 2015. From International Business to Intranational Business. InEmerging Economies and Multinational Enterprises(pp. 5-28). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Gobble, M.M., 2014. Business model innovation.Research-Technology Management,57(6), pp.58-61. Massa, L. and Tucci, C.L., 2013. Business model innovation.The Oxford Handbook of Innovation Management, pp.420-441. Taran, Y., 2012. Business model innovation.